490 BCE
Ol. 72, 3 · archon Phaenippus · within Olympiad 72 · 7 claims on the desk receipt — the chronology desk
The scan's text layer prints 'Phcenippus' — its reading of the page's ligature Phœnippus; the served record supplies the plain form (Plutarch, Aristides 5: 'immediately after Phaenippus'). The excerpt keeps the scan's own reading, per the honest-OCR law.
date contested Clinton states the day-count fork plainly: Plutarch's sixth of Boedromion cannot sit on Herodotus' ninth-day moon unless the civil month and the moon had parted company. The year stands secure while the day argues.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
The sixth of Boedromion, then, was later than the ninth day of the moon, and the civil month did not correspond with the course of the moon.Clinton, Fasti Hellenici vol. II (Oxford 1841), p. 28 cited, never reprinted — the apparatus shelf
date contested The reception fork on the date itself, served whole: Plutarch's Malice asserts the sixth of Boedromion and turns Herodotus' full moon against him as a slander of Sparta.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
For they not only made a thousand other excursions and fights at the beginning of the month, without staying for the full moon; but wanted so little of being present at this very battle, which was fought the sixth day of the month Boedromion, that at their coming they found the dead still lying in the field.Plut. Mor., Herodotus's Malice 26 Of Herodotus’s Malice · Plutarch
date secure Clinton's table counts the year as Olympiad 72, year 3, with Phaenippus archon at Athens. The row's authorities column cites Plutarch. Aristid. c. 5 — cut from the excerpt at the column seam; the served ground stands as the next claim.
490. 72, 3. Phcenippus.Clinton, Fasti Hellenici vol. II (Oxford 1841), p. 28 cited, never reprinted — the apparatus shelf
date secure The served record ties the archon-year to the deed itself: Athens' official archon list, as Plutarch reads it, sets the Marathon victory in Phaenippus' year.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
immediately after Phaenippus, in whose year of office the victory at Marathon was won, an Aristides is recorded as archon.Plut. Aristides 5 Aristides · Plutarch
date secure Herodotus dates the eve of the battle inside the Spartan month: the runner reaches Sparta on the ninth of the rising month, and the law holds the army until the moon is full.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
It was the ninth day of the rising month, and they said that on the ninth they could not go out to war until the moon's circle was full.Hdt. 6.106 The Histories · Herodotus
date conventional Plutarch's calendar of famous days sets Marathon on the sixth of Boedromion — the same served list that dates Plataea, Mycale and Salamis.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
Again, on the sixth day of the month of Boedromion the Greeks defeated the Persians at Marathon, on the third day at Plataea and Mycale together, and on the twenty-sixth day at Arbela.Plut. Camillus 19 Camillus · Plutarch
date secure Thucydides spaces the lattice himself: Marathon not many years after the tyrants fell, and the great invasion ten years after Marathon.
dates battle of Marathon — the accounts face each other in that room
Not many years after the deposition of the tyrants, the battle of Marathon was fought between the Medes and the Athenians. Ten years afterwards the barbarian returned with the armada for the subjugation of Hellas.Thuc. 1.18 History of the Peloponnesian War · Thucydides
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