Philip was in Demetrias at the time. When . the disaster that had overtaken a friendly city was announced to him, he determined, as he was too late to save it, to do the next best thing and avenge it. With a force of 5ooo infantry in 1妙t marching order and 300 cavalry.he went almost at a runto Chalcis, not for a moment doubting that he would be able to take- the Romans by surprise. Finding that there was nothing to see but the uninviting spectacle of a smoking and ruined city, in which hardly enough men were left to bury the victims of the war, he hurried away at the same speed and crossing 吵Euripus by the bridge marched through砂eotia. to乡thens, thinlang that as he had shown as much enterprise as the RomansA -8 -2 -2 he would have the same success. And he would nave had, it i scout had not observed the king's army on the march from a watch-tower. This man was what the Greeks call a hemerodromos, because these men cover enormous distances in a single day, and running on in advance he reached Athens at mid- 吨ht. Here there was the same somnolence and negligence which had brought about the loss of Chalcis a few days before. Roused by the breathless messenger, the Athenian commanderin-chief and Dioxippus the prefect of the cohort of mercenaries mustered their soldiers in the forum and ordered the trumpets to sound the alarm from the citadel so that all might know that the enemy was at hand. There was a general rush to the gates and the walls. Some hours later. thouzh considerablv before davbreak, rhmD aDDroacnea the citv. w nen ne saw the numerous ueants and heard the noise of men nurrying to ana tro in the inevitawe confusion, he halted his force and ordered them to lie down and rest. As his attempt at a surprise had failed he prepared for an open assault and made his advance on the side of the Dipylon17·This gate, placed as a mouth to the city, is considerably larger and wider than the rest, and the road on both sides of it is broad, so that the townsmen were able to form their line right up to it from the forum, whilst the road beyond it stretching for about a mile as far as the Academy allowed plenty of room for the infantry and cavalry of the enemy. After forming their line inside the gate, the Athenians, together with the detachment which Attalus had left and Dioxippus' cohort, sallied forth. As soon as he saw them in his power and would be able to s desire for their destruction, for there was not one of比eGreek States that he was more furious against than he。against Athens. After exhortinz his men to keen their eves on him as thev tougnt anu to remember tnat wnere the iang was, there the standards and the fighting line ought to be, he put spurs-to his horse, animated not only by raging anger but also by a love of ostentation.He thought it a splendid thing to be seen 4fighting妙the immense crowd who thronged the walls to view the spectacle. Galloping forward in front of his lines with a few- horsemen he charged into the middle of the enemy and created as much alarm amongst them as he inspired his ownmen with enthusiasm. Many he wounded at close quarters,others by the missiles he flung, and he drove them back to their gate where he inflicted greater losses as they crowded throughthe confined space. Recklessly as he pursued them, he wasstill able to draw off in safety because those who were on the turrets of the gate forbore to throw their javelins for fear of hitting their own com州es吵”_were mixed up with th“一nemy. After this the Athenians kept within their walls, and rtulip after giving the signal for retirement fixed his camp at Cynosarges where there was a temple of Hercules and a gymnasium with a grove round it. But Cynosarges and the Lyceum and every sacred and delightful place round the city was burnt. Nof only were bind恤95 destroydestroy ，edbut even the tombs, nothing aging to either gods or men was snared in his uncontrollable fury.