"I am not afraid of anyone thinking that I am saying this in a spirit of bravado for the sake of putting you in good heart, whilst my real feelings and convictions are far otherwise. I was at perfect liberty to go with my army to Spain, for which country I had actually started, and ,vhich was my assigned province. There I should have had my brother to share my plans and dangers; I should have had Hasdrubal rather than Hannibal as my foe, and undoubtedly a less serious war on my hands. But as I was sailing along the coast of Gaul I heard tidings of this enen1Y, and t once landed, and after sending on cavalry in advance moved up to the Rhone. A cavalry action was fought-that was the only arm I had the opportunity of employing-and I defeated the enemy. His infantry were hurrying a,vay like an army in flight, and as I could not come up \vith them overland, I returned to my ships with all possible speed, and after making a wide circuit by sea and land have met this dreaded foe ahnost at the foot of the Alps. Does it seem to you that I have unexpectedly fallen in with him whilst I was anxious to decline a contest and not rather that I am meeting him actually on his track and challenging and dragging him into action? I shall be glad to learn whether the earth has suddenly wi thin the last twenty years produced a different breed of Carthaginans, or whether they are the same as those \vho fought at the LEgates, and whom you allowed to depart from Eryx on payment of eighteen denar£i a head, and whether this Hannibal is, as he gives out, the rival of Hercules in his journeys, or whether he has been left by his father to pay tax and tribute and to be the sla ve of the Roman people. If his crime at Saguntum were not driving him on, he would surely have some regard, if not for his conquered country, at all events for his house and his father, and the treaties signed by that Hamilcar who at the order of our consul withdrew his garrison from Eryx, who with sighs and groans accepted the hard conditions imposed on the conquered Carthaginians, and who agreed to evacuate Sicily and pay a war indemnity to Rome. And so I would have you, soldiers, fight not merely in the spirit which you are wont to show against other foes, but with feelings of indignant anger as though you sa\v yolir own slaves bearing arms against you. When they \vere shut up in Eryx we might have inflicted the most terrible of human punishments and starved them to death; we might have taken our victorious fleet across to Africa, and in a few days destroyed Carthage without a battle. vVe granted pardon to their prayers, we allo\ved then1 to escape from the blockade, we agreed to terms of peace with those whom we had conquered, and afterwards when they were in dire straits through the African war we took them under our pt'otection. To requite us for these acts of kindness they are following the lead of a young madman and coming to attack our fatherland. I only wish this struggle were for honour alone and not for safety. I tis not about the possession of Sicily and Sardinia, the old subjects of dispute, but for Italy that you have to fight.. There is no second army at our back to oppose the enemy if we fail to win, there are no more Alps to delay his advance while a fresh army can be raised for defence. Here it is, soldiers, that we have to resist, just as though we \vere fighting before the walls of Rome. Everyone of you must remember that he is using his arms to protect not himself only but also his wife and little children; nor must his anxiety be confined to his home, he must realise, too, that the senate and people of Ron1e are watching our exploits to-day. What our strength and courage are now here, such will be the fortune of our City yonder and of the empire of Rome."